6. REPORTED SPEECH QUIZ

Reported Speech Quiz

Check your answers and mark yourself. Your score will be calculated automatically.

Reporting Verbs

apologise / insist / enquire / warn / agree / refuse / add / order / admit / recommend / remind / want to know / advise / threaten / request

 

Score: 0 / 15

1. He said: “I won’t help you today.”

He refused to help me that day.

2. She said: “Why did you come here yesterday?”

She wanted to know why I had gone there the day before.

3. He said: “These results are wrong.”

He added that those results were wrong.

4. She said: “I’m sorry. I made a mistake this morning.”

She apologised for having made a mistake that morning.

5. He said: “Don’t forget about our meeting tomorrow.”

He reminded me not to forget about our meeting the next day.

6. She said: “You should visit this museum next week.”

She recommended visiting that museum the following week.

7. He said: “Take your medicine now.”

He advised me to take my medicine then.

8. She said: “Don’t enter this place.”

She warned me not to enter that place.

9. He said: “I broke your phone yesterday.”

He admitted breaking my phone the day before.

10. She said: “Remind me about these documents later today.”

She requested to be reminded about those documents later that day.

11. He said: “Don’t use this equipment again.”

He warned me not to use that equipment again.

12. The manager said: “Finish your work by tomorrow.”

The manager ordered us to finish our work the next day.

13. She said: “Did you finish your homework last night?”

She enquired whether I had finished my homework the night before.

14. He said: “Let’s meet here next week.”

He suggested meeting there the following week.

15. She said: “Bring these files today.”

She insisted that I bring those files that day.

6. 15 REPORTING VERBS. MIXED

Reported Speech Practice

Report these sentences using these verbs:

apologise / insist / enquire / warn / agree / refuse / add / order / admit / recommend / remind / want to know / advise / threaten / request

 

Click “Show answer” to check your transformation.

1. He said: “I won’t help you today.”

He refused to help me that day.

Reporting Verbs

apologise / insist / enquire / warn / agree / refuse / add / order / admit / recommend / remind / want to know / advise / threaten / request

2. She said: “Why did you come here yesterday?”

She wanted to know why I had gone there the day before.

3. He said: “These results are wrong.”

Reporting Verbs

apologise / insist / enquire / warn / agree / refuse / add / order / admit / recommend / remind / want to know / advise / threaten / request

He said that those results were wrong.

4. She said: “I’m sorry. I made a mistake this morning.”

She apologised for having made a mistake that morning.

5. He said: “Don’t forget about our meeting tomorrow.”

He reminded me not to forget about our meeting the next day.

6. She said: “You should visit this museum next week.”

She recommended visiting that museum the following week.

7. He said: “Take your medicine now.”

He advised me to take my medicine then.

Reporting Verbs

apologise / insist / enquire / warn / agree / refuse / add / order / admit / recommend / remind / want to know / advise / threaten / request

8. She said: “Don’t enter this place.”

She warned me not to enter that place.

9. He said: “I broke your phone yesterday.”

He admitted that he had broken my phone the day before.

10. She said: “Remind me about these documents later today.”

She asked me to remind her about those documents later that day.

11. He said: “Don’t use this equipment again.”

He warned me not to use that equipment again.

12. The manager said: “Finish your work by tomorrow.”

The manager ordered us to finish our work the next day.

13. She said: “Did you finish your homework last night?”

She asked whether I had finished my homework the night before.

14. He said: “Let’s meet here next week.”

He suggested meeting there the following week.

15. She said: “Bring these files today.”

She insisted that I bring those files that day.

6. SOME MORE REPORTING VERBS

Grammar · Reported Speech

More Reporting Verbs (by Function)

Using a variety of reporting verbs makes your English sound more natural, precise, and advanced. Here are some of the most common reporting verbs, grouped by function, with clear examples and key grammar patterns.

1. Reporting Verbs by Function

🔹 Statements (neutral / factual)

said, told, explained, stated, mentioned, added

Use these when simply reporting information.

• He said that he was tired.
• She explained that the problem was difficult.
• They mentioned that they were leaving early.

🔹 Agreement / Disagreement

agreed, disagreed, refused

These verbs show whether someone accepts or rejects something.

• He agreed to help me.
• She refused to answer the question.
• They disagreed with the decision.

🔹 Truth / Lies / Responsibility

admitted, denied, confessed

Use these when talking about honesty, guilt, or responsibility.

• He admitted stealing the money.
• She denied breaking the window.
• He confessed to lying.

👉 These verbs are especially important because they often use -ing forms:
admitted doing · denied doing · confessed to doing

🔹 Opinions / Feelings

claimed, insisted, argued, complained

These verbs express opinions, arguments, or complaints.

• He claimed that he was innocent.
• She insisted that she was right.
• They complained about the noise.

🔹 Promises / Decisions

promised, offered, decided

Use these for intentions, plans, and decisions.

• He promised to call me.
• She offered to help.
• They decided to leave early.

👉 These usually follow verb + to-infinitive.

🔹 Orders / Requests (extra variety)

begged, warned, reminded, encouraged

These verbs add nuance to commands and requests.

• She begged him to stay.
• He warned us not to go there.
• She reminded me to call her.
• They encouraged us to try again.

2. Key Patterns (Very Important)

Here is a quick summary you can use as a reference:

Verb Type	Structure	Example
admit / deny	verb + -ing	He admitted stealing the money.
promise / offer	verb + to-infinitive	She offered to help.
suggest / recommend	-ing OR that + clause	He suggested going. / He suggested that we should go.
tell / order	object + to-infinitive	He told me to wait.
say / claim	that + clause	She said that she was tired.

Quick tip: if you learn the verb together with its pattern, reported speech becomes much easier. For example, do not just learn admit — learn admit + -ing.

Why use a variety of reporting verbs?

Using different reporting verbs helps you avoid repetition, sound more fluent, and express meaning more precisely. Instead of repeating said all the time, you can show whether someone admitted, promised, refused, insisted, or warned something.

6. REPORTING SUGGESTIONS AND PIECES OF ADVICE

Reported Suggestions: 10 Sentences

Change each suggestion into reported speech. Use structures like suggest + -ing or suggest/advise/recommend + that + subject + (should). Pay attention to time, place, demonstratives, and possessives.

Shifts: now → then | today → that day | tomorrow → the next day | here → there | this → that | these → those | my → his/her | our → their

1

She suggested: “Let’s start this project today.”

She suggested starting that project that day. / She suggested that we should start that project that day.

2

He recommended: “Let’s meet here tomorrow.”

He recommended meeting there the next day. / He recommended that we should meet there the next day.

3

The teacher advised us: “Let’s review these exercises now.”

The teacher advised us to review those exercises then.

4

She proposed: “Let’s finish our homework tonight.”

She proposed finishing their homework that night.

5

He suggested to me: “Let’s visit this place today.”

He suggested visiting that place that day.

6

They recommended: “Let’s bring these documents tomorrow.”

They recommended bringing those documents the next day. / They recommended that we should bring those documents the next day.

7

My friend advised me: “Let’s study here now.”

My friend advised me to study there then.

8

The guide suggested: “Let’s take this route today.”

The guide suggested taking that route that day. / The guide suggested that we should take that route that day.

9

She recommended: “Let’s use our notes tomorrow.”

She recommended using their notes the next day. / She recommended that we should use their notes the next day.

10

He proposed: “Let’s solve these problems now.”

He proposed solving those problems then. / He proposed that we should solve those problems then.

11

She suggested: “Let’s not go there today.”

She suggested not going there that day. / She suggested that we should not go there that day.

12

He recommended: “Let’s not use these tools now.”

He recommended not using those tools then. / He recommended that we should not use those tools then.

13

The teacher advised us: “Let’s not forget our homework tomorrow.”

The teacher advised us not to forget their homework the next day. / The teacher advised that we should not forget our homework the next day.

6. REPORTING COMMANDS AND ORDERS

Reported Orders & Commands (Time + Demonstratives)

Transform into reported speech. Pay attention to time expressions AND reference words (here → there, this → that, these → those).

Tip:
now → then | today → that day | tomorrow → the next day | here → there | this → that | these → those
my → his/her | your → my/his/her | our → their

1

The teacher instructed the students: “Open these books now.”

The teacher instructed the students to open those books then.

2

Her mother ordered her: “Clean this room today.”

Her mother ordered her to clean that room that day.

3

The doctor advised me: “Take this medicine tomorrow.”

The doctor advised me to take that medicine the next day.

4

The coach urged the players: “Run faster here now.”

The coach urged the players to run faster there then.

5

The boss commanded us: “Finish this report today.”

The boss commanded us to finish that report that day.

6

The police officer ordered the driver: “Stop this car here.”

The police officer ordered the driver to stop that car there.

7

She told me: “Wait here now.”

She told me to wait there then.

8

The librarian reminded the children: “Read these books today.”

The librarian reminded the children to read those books that day.

9

The manager instructed the staff: “Wear these badges tomorrow.”

The manager instructed the staff to wear those badges the next day.

10

My father told me: “Turn off these lights tonight.”

My father told me to turn off those lights that night.

11

The teacher warned us: “Don’t use these phones today.”

The teacher warned us not to use those phones that day.

12

My mother forbade me: “Don’t touch this stove now.”

My mother forbade me to touch that stove then.

13

The sign warned visitors: “Do not feed these animals here.”

The sign warned visitors not to feed those animals there.

14

The officer commanded them: “Don’t stand here now.”

The officer commanded them not to stand there then.

15

She advised him: “Don’t forget this tomorrow.”

She advised him not to forget that the next day.

16

The guide instructed us: “Follow me here.”

The guide instructed us to follow him there.

17

The dentist told the patient: “Use this tool now.”

The dentist told the patient to use that tool then.

18

My friend reminded me: “Bring these documents tonight.”

My friend reminded me to bring those documents that night.

19

The captain ordered the soldiers: “Stay here today.”

The captain ordered the soldiers to stay there that day.

20

The receptionist asked the guests: “Sign these forms here today.”

The receptionist asked the guests to sign those forms there that day.

6. REPORTING QUESTIONS

Reported Questions Practice: 20 Sentences

Change each direct question into indirect speech. Each sentence already gives you the subject and reporting verb. Click Show Answer when you want to check your response.

1

He wondered: “Where did you go yesterday?”

He wondered where I had gone the day before.

2

She checked: “Is she at home?”

She checked if she was at home.

3

He wanted to know: “Why are they shouting?”

He wanted to know why they were shouting.

4

She inquired: “Did you finish your homework?”

She inquired whether I had finished my homework.

5

He asked: “What time does the train leave?”

He asked what time the train left.

6

She wondered: “Where is he working now?”

She wondered where he was working then.

7

He checked: “Are you feeling better?”

He checked if I was feeling better.

8

She wanted to know: “Why did he call you?”

She wanted to know why he had called me.

9

He inquired: “Did they understand the instructions?”

He inquired whether they had understood the instructions.

10

She asked: “What are you watching?”

She asked what I was watching.

11

He wondered: “Where have you been all day?”

He wondered where I had been all day.

12

She checked: “Is the door locked?”

She checked if the door was locked.

13

He wanted to know: “Why is she upset?”

He wanted to know why she was upset.

14

She inquired: “Did you buy the tickets?”

She inquired whether I had bought the tickets.

15

He asked: “What time will they arrive?”

He asked what time they would arrive.

16

She wondered: “Where can I find a taxi?”

She wondered where she could find a taxi.

17

He checked: “Is everything ready?”

He checked if everything was ready.

18

She wanted to know: “Why were they arguing?”

She wanted to know why they were arguing.

19

He inquired: “Did he send the email?”

He inquired whether he had sent the email.

20

She asked: “What does this word mean?”

She asked what that word meant.

You can paste this code into a blog post that accepts HTML, or use it as a standalone webpage.

6.REPORTING VERBS.EXAMPLES

1. Followed by that + sentence

• Direct: “I am feeling much better,” she said.
  → She said that she was feeling much better.
• Direct: “We made a mistake yesterday,” they will admit.
  → They admitted that they had made a mistake the day before.

---

2. Followed by gerund (-ing)

• Direct: “I didn’t steal the money,” he said.
  → He denied stealing the money.
• Direct: “Let’s go to a quieter place,” she said.
  → She suggested going to a quieter place.

---

3. Followed by infinitive (to + verb)

• Direct: “Finish the exercise right now,” the teacher said to us.
  → The teacher told us to finish the exercise write then.
• Direct: “I’ll help you tomorrow,” he said.
  → He is promising to help us the next day.

---

4. Followed by preposition + gerund

• Direct: “I’m sorry I was late,” she said.
  → She apologised for being late.
• Direct: “We’ll pay for this dinner,” they said.
  → They insisted on paying for that dinner.

---

6.REPORTING VERBS. I

WHETHER AND/OR IF

We know how to use IF. But do we understand how to use WHETHER? Click HERE to learn this grammar point.

FORMAL LETTER TO THE TOWN HALL

Choose the correct word in each gap and click "Check".

Dear Sir or Madam,

I am writing to express my concern about the poor of my neighbourhood. In recent months, the area has . The streets are not well maintained, the lighting is not , and cleaning services are . As a result, public spaces feel unsafe and .

Many neighbours have already these problems, but we have not seen any clear . This situation makes us feel .

I kindly ask the Town Hall to take . Our neighbourhood should receive the same .

I look forward to .

Yours ,
[Your Name]

5. MODAL VERBS. MORE PRACTICE. KEY ANSWER

PRACTICE WITH SIMPLE AND PERFECT MODALS (1º Bach.)

1. Choose the correct answer

1. You broke my necklace! You … been more careful!

should have

2. It’s beautiful. You … given me a nicer present.

couldn’t have

3. I think James … got lost. He’s never late.

might have

4. I … bought milk, but I didn’t know we needed more.

would have

2. Complete the sentences

1. He __________ (not behave) that way.

shouldn’t have behaved

2. Maggie __________ (write) sooner.

could have written

3. I __________ (not lock) the front door.

might not have locked

4. Something __________ (happen) to Steve.

must have happened

3. Teens in the News

1. Could you use
2. can help
3. couldn’t have thought
4. must have thought
5. shouldn’t have done
6. should have guessed
7. have to write
8. will be able to do

4. Complete with modal perfects

1. might have gone
2. must have thought
3. should have brought
4. couldn’t have bought
5. shouldn’t have told
6. could have stayed
7. couldn’t have been
8. must have packed

5. Rewrite the sentences

1. You shouldn’t have eaten in this restaurant.
2. We might have a test today.
3. I must have left my sunglasses at the café.
4. You don’t have to worry about Ted.
5. You should have asked me earlier.
6. Donella can’t speak English very well.

6. Teens in the News (Complete the passage)

1. had to leave
2. could have confronted
3. would have never caught
4. must have impressed
5. couldn’t have been
6. could have chosen
7. must be able to speak
8. don’t have to know
9. have to study
10. should be
11. can’t wait

5. MODAL VERBS. MORE PRACTICE

PRACTICE WITH SIMPLE AND PERFECT MODALS

LETTER OF COMPLAINT. MULTIPLE CHOICE

Multiple-Choice Cloze: Letter of Complaint

Dear Sir or Madam,

I am writing to about a recent purchase I made from your online store. On March 10, I ordered a wireless headset that was as “high quality” and “long-lasting.” However, when the item arrived, I was extremely to find that it did not function properly.

Firstly, the sound quality was poor, and the battery within only two hours. Secondly, the product appeared to be damaged, which suggests it was not checked before shipping. I contacted your customer service team, but I have yet to receive a .

I would appreciate it if you could this matter promptly by either sending a replacement or issuing a full refund. I trust that you will take this complaint and improve your quality control.

Yours faithfully,
[Your Name]

FORMAL LETTERS III. PRACTICE

✉️ Formal Letter Upgrade Activity (B2)

Read the letter and replace the bold numbered parts with more formal expressions. Then click the button after each paragraph to check the answers.

Dear Sir or Madam,

1. I’m writing to complain about my recent stay at your hotel from 10 to 12 March. 2. I had a lot of problems during my visit, and 3. I want to explain them in this letter.

Answers:

1. I am writing

2. I experienced several problems

3. I would like to outline them

First of all, 4. the room was very bad. It was noisy and not particularly clean. 5. I didn’t like the bathroom because the shower was broken. 6. And also, the air conditioning did not work properly, which made the room extremely uncomfortable.

Answers:

4. the room was unsatisfactory

5. I was dissatisfied with the bathroom facilities

6. In addition

7. The people at reception were rude and did not deal with the situation professionally. When I asked for assistance, 8. they told me to wait and did nothing. 9. This made me really angry, as I expected a much higher standard of customer service.

Answers:

7. The reception staff were unhelpful

8. they asked me to wait but took no action

9. This was extremely disappointing

10. I want some money back because the service I received was unacceptable. 11. Fix this problem soon and 12. send me an answer quickly. I believe this would be a fair way to resolve the matter.

Answers:

10. I would like to request a partial refund

11. I would appreciate it if you could resolve this matter promptly

12. I would appreciate a prompt response

13. Thanks for your help. 14. I’ll wait for your answer.

Answers:

13. Thank you for your attention to this matter

14. I look forward to your reply

Yours faithfully,
Maria López

FORMAL LETTERS II. UPGRADE YOUR LANGUAGE

⬆️ Upgrade Your English: Formal Phrases (B2)

Click the button to reveal the formal version.

❌ I want to know...

✅ I would like to know...

❌ I need more information.

✅ I require further information.

❌ Can you send me...?

✅ Could you please send me...?

❌ Tell me about...

✅ I would like to inquire about...

❌ I’m writing about...

✅ I am writing regarding...

❌ I think this is bad.

✅ I find this unsatisfactory.

❌ This is a big problem.

✅ This is a significant issue.

❌ Fix this.

✅ I would appreciate it if you could resolve this matter.

❌ Send it soon.

✅ I would appreciate a prompt response.

❌ I didn’t like it.

✅ I was not satisfied with it.

❌ The staff were rude.

✅ The staff were unhelpful.

❌ I’m not happy.

✅ I am dissatisfied.

❌ I want a refund.

✅ I would like to request a refund.

❌ Give me details.

✅ Could you please provide further details?

❌ Let me know.

✅ I would appreciate it if you could inform me.

❌ Thanks for your help.

✅ Thank you for your assistance.

❌ Sorry for the problem.

✅ I apologise for any inconvenience caused.

❌ I’ll wait for your answer.

✅ I look forward to your reply.

❌ Write back soon.

✅ I would be grateful if you could respond at your earliest convenience.

❌ I hope you answer me.

✅ I look forward to hearing from you.

FORMAL LETTER I. USE FORMAL LANGUAGE

✉️ Formal Letter Mistakes

Click the button to reveal a more formal option.

🟢 Greeting

❌ Hi Sir,

✅ Dear Sir or Madam,

❌ Hello Mr Brown,

✅ Dear Mr Brown,

❌ Hey,

✅ Dear Sir or Madam,

🟡 Opening Sentences

❌ I’m writing about your course.

✅ I am writing regarding your course.

❌ I want to ask about prices.

✅ I am writing to inquire about prices.

❌ I want to complain.

✅ I am writing to complain about...

❌ I’m writing because I have a problem.

✅ I am writing regarding a problem I encountered.

🟠 Body

❌ Your service was very bad.

✅ I was dissatisfied with the service provided.

❌ The room was dirty and I was very angry.

✅ The room was not clean, which was unacceptable.

❌ And also the staff were rude.

✅ In addition, the staff were unhelpful.

❌ Fix this problem quickly.

✅ I would appreciate it if you could resolve this issue promptly.

❌ Send me the details.

✅ Could you please send me further details?

❌ I need a refund now.

✅ I would like to request a refund.

❌ Tell me what happened.

✅ I would like to know what occurred.

🔵 Closing Sentences

❌ Answer me soon.

✅ I look forward to your reply.

❌ Write back quickly.

✅ I would appreciate a prompt response.

❌ Thanks for your help.

✅ Thank you for your assistance.

❌ Let me know soon.

✅ I would be grateful if you could respond at your earliest convenience.

🟣 Signing Off

❌ Bye,

✅ Yours faithfully,

❌ See you,

✅ Yours sincerely,

INFORMAL EMAIL

Write an informal email (120–150 words) to your friend Sarah telling her that another friend called Victor is moving to a new town. Suggest organising a farewell party, include some ideas, and ask for her opinion.

TERM 2. TOTAL GRAMMAR REVISION

Grammar Revision Quiz – 40 Questions

Type your answer (or A/B/C/D for multiple choice) and press "Check Answer" to see the correct answer immediately.

NARRATIVE TEXTS FOR EXPERTS

Narrative Text – Structure, Language & Practice

Introductions, developments, conclusions + translation practice with solutions

A. Use a good sentence to start

Elige una frase inicial potente para enganchar al lector.

• You won’t believe what happened to me on my way home yesterday.
• I still can’t forget what happened that cold winter morning.
• Everything changed the moment I opened that door.
• It all started on a day I thought would be completely normal.
• At first, I didn’t realise that this would be the most unforgettable day of my life.
• What began as an ordinary afternoon quickly turned into a real adventure.
• I never imagined that such a small decision would cause so many problems.
• Looking back now, I wish I had listened to my instincts that day.
• The strangest experience of my life happened when I least expected it.
• That was the day everything went wrong.

Tip: empieza con sorpresa, emoción o misterio.

B. Introduction (Beginning / Orientation)

Function: Introduces the characters, place, and time.

Example 1

WHEN Last Friday afternoon, WHO Tom WHAT was finishing his homework WHERE in the school library.
DETAILS Most of the students had already gone home, and the building was unusually quiet.
NARRATIVE INCIDENT As he packed his bag, he heard a strange noise coming from the corridor.

Example 2

One cold evening in December, I was walking home from school through the empty streets of my town. The sun had already set, and the streetlights flickered above me. I felt nervous because I had heard strange noises in that area before.

Example 3

On a rainy Monday morning in September, Sofia arrived early at her new school. The hallways were empty and silent, and she felt nervous as she looked for her classroom. It was her first day, and she didn’t know any of the other students yet. Suddenly, she heard a noise coming from a classroom.

Introducción = tiempo + lugar + personajes + situación inicial.

C. Development (Middle / Events)

Function: Describes the main events and problems.

Example 1

Tom froze and listened carefully. The noise came again, louder this time, like footsteps moving slowly toward the library door. His heart started beating faster, and he wondered if someone else was still in the building. He stood up quietly and walked toward the door to look outside. Suddenly, the noise stopped, and the corridor became completely silent. Tom hesitated, unsure if he should open the door or stay where he was.

Example 2

As I continued walking, I suddenly heard footsteps behind me. At first, I thought it was just my imagination, but the sound grew louder and closer. I turned around quickly, but no one was there. My hands began to shake, and I walked faster, trying to reach my house as soon as possible. Then, I heard a low whisper coming from the dark corner of the street, and I stopped, too afraid to move.

Example 3

Sofia stopped walking and looked toward the classroom door. The noise came again, like something falling on the floor. She felt scared but also curious, so she slowly walked closer. Her heart was beating fast as she reached the door and gently pushed it open. Inside, the lights were off, and she couldn’t see anyone clearly. Suddenly, a chair moved in the corner of the room, and Sofia gasped, not knowing who—or what—was there.

Desarrollo = tensión + problema + acciones + suspense.

D. Conclusion (Ending / Resolution)

Function: Explains how the story finishes.

Example 1

Taking a deep breath, Tom slowly opened the library door and looked into the corridor. To his surprise, he saw the school janitor picking up a box of books from the floor. The janitor smiled and explained that he had accidentally dropped them. Tom laughed in relief, realizing there was nothing to be afraid of. He left the library feeling calmer and a little embarrassed by his imagination.

Example 2

Summoning my courage, I slowly turned toward the dark corner and stepped closer. Suddenly, a small cat ran out from behind a trash bin and crossed the street. I sighed with relief and laughed at myself for being so frightened. I realized that the strange noises had not been dangerous after all. Feeling calmer and safer, I continued walking home, leaving my fear behind me.

Example 3

Sofia stood frozen for a moment until the classroom lights suddenly turned on. A girl stepped forward and smiled warmly at her. She explained that she had come early to prepare some materials for class. Sofia felt relieved and smiled back, happy to meet someone friendly on her first day. At that moment, she knew that her new school might not be so scary after all.

Conclusión = solución + emoción final + aprendizaje.

VERB TENSES USED IN NARRATIVE TEXTS

Past Simple: Used for completed actions.
• I walked to the park. / • She opened the door.

Past Continuous: Used for actions in progress in the past.
• I was walking in the street.

Past Perfect:
• I had phoned the emergency services. / • They had already found the dog.

Combination:
• I was walking in the park when I saw a dog.
• When I arrived home, I noticed someone had already been there.

USEFUL CONNECTORS

Time connectors:
• First • Then • After that • Suddenly • Finally

Sequence connectors:
• When • While • Before • After

GOOD MORE ADVANCED LANGUAGE YOU CAN USE

a) Modal perfect verbs:
I was very worried because I might have lost my phone in the park.

b) Third conditionals:
If I had seen the warning sign, I would not have entered the abandoned house.
If we had brought a map, we would not have got lost in the forest.

c) -ING and -ED clauses:
Feeling scared, I stopped moving.
Shocked by the noise, she ran away.
Realising the danger, we left immediately.

FINAL EXERCISE: Translate into English

Traduce las 12 frases al inglés. Pulsa el botón para ver la solución.

Introduction (Beginning / Orientation)

1. Una mañana fría de invierno, Marcos llegó temprano a la escuela.

One cold winter morning, Marcos arrived early at school.

2. El sábado por la tarde, Ana estaba sola en casa con su perro.

On Saturday afternoon, Ana was alone at home with her dog.

3. Hace muchos años, una niña vivía en un pequeño pueblo cerca del bosque.

Many years ago, a girl lived in a small village near the forest.

4. El lunes por la mañana, los estudiantes entraron al aula muy nerviosos.

On Monday morning, the students entered the classroom very nervous.

Development (Middle / Events)

5. De repente, escuchó un ruido extraño detrás de la puerta.

Suddenly, he/she heard a strange noise behind the door.

6. Empezó a caminar más rápido porque tenía miedo.

He/She started walking faster because he/she was afraid.

7. Abrió la ventana lentamente y miró hacia afuera.

He/She opened the window slowly and looked outside.

8. En ese momento, las luces se apagaron y todo quedó en silencio.

At that moment, the lights went out and everything went silent.

Conclusion (Ending / Resolution)

9. Al final, descubrió que no había nada peligroso.

In the end, he/she discovered there was nothing dangerous.

10. Se sintió aliviado y empezó a reír.

He/She felt relieved and started to laugh.

11. Desde ese día, nunca volvió a tener miedo.

From that day on, he/she was never afraid again.

12. Finalmente, todo terminó bien y regresó a casa tranquilo.

Finally, everything ended well and he/she returned home calm.

Puedes usar esta sección como actividad en clase o como tarea.