REVISION: REPORTED SPEECH

Reported Speech Practice

Instructions: Rewrite the sentences in reported speech.

Use one of the reporting verbs below. Pay attention to verb changes, pronouns, time expressions and word order in questions.

claimed · suggested · warned · asked · wanted to know · admitted · reminded · recommended · ordered · denied

1. “You mustn’t park here today,” the police officer said to the driver.

The police officer warned the driver not to park there that day.

2. “I broke your vase yesterday,” the child said.

The child admitted breaking my vase the day before.

3. “Did you send my email last month?” my manager said to me.

My manager wanted to know if I had sent his/her email the month before.

4. “Let’s take a break now,” he said.

He suggested taking a break then.

5. “I didn’t take this money,” he said.

He claimed that he hadn’t taken that money.

6. “Can you help me with my report tomorrow?” my colleague said to me.

My colleague asked me if I could help him/her with his/her report the following day.

7. “I didn’t break your laptop,” she said.

She denied breaking my laptop.

8. “Don’t forget to lock your door tonight,” he said to me.

He reminded me to lock my door that night.

9. “Where did you put these documents yesterday?” she said to him.

She wanted to know where he had put those documents the day before.

10. “Sit down and be quiet now,” the teacher said to the students.

The teacher ordered the students to sit down and be quiet then.

11. “You should see a specialist next week,” the doctor said to her.

The doctor recommended that she should see a specialist the following week.

12. “Don’t touch these wires today!” the electrician said to us.

The electrician warned us not to touch those wires that day.

13. “Why don’t we go out for dinner tonight?” she said.

She suggested going out for dinner that night.

14. “Have you ever worked abroad?” the interviewer said to her.

The interviewer wanted to know if she had ever worked abroad.

15. “Please don’t mention this to anyone tomorrow,” he said to us.

He asked us not to mention that to anyone the following day.

REVISION: PASSIVE SENTENCES, DOUBLE OBJECT, IMPERSONAL, CAUSATIVE

Passive Voice Revision

Instructions: Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice, impersonal passive structures, or the causative form.

Then press the button to check the correct answer.

A. Rewrite the sentences in the passive

1. People speak English in many parts of the world.

English is spoken in many parts of the world.

2. They rejected the proposal after a lengthy discussion.

The proposal was rejected after a lengthy discussion.

3. Someone is interviewing the candidates at the moment.

The candidates are being interviewed at the moment.

4. They will announce the results next Friday.

The results will be announced next Friday.

5. The committee has postponed the meeting.

The meeting has been postponed by the committee.

6. They had already signed the contract before we arrived.

The contract had already been signed before we arrived.

7. They are renovating the old theatre this year.

The old theatre is being renovated this year.

8. Someone had been following him for several minutes.

He had been being followed for several minutes.

9. They will have completed the project by the end of the month.

The project will have been completed by the end of the month.

10. Nobody has informed us about the changes yet.

We haven’t been informed about the changes yet.

B. Rewrite the sentences in the passive. Write two possible answers.

11. They offered me a senior position.

I was offered a senior position.
A senior position was offered to me.

12. Someone has sent her a formal invitation.

She has been sent a formal invitation.
A formal invitation has been sent to her.

C. Rewrite using two impersonal passive structures

13. People say that the new manager is extremely demanding.

It is said that the new manager is extremely demanding.
The new manager is said to be extremely demanding.

14. They believe that the company is facing serious financial difficulties.

It is believed that the company is facing serious financial difficulties.
The company is believed to be facing serious financial difficulties.

15. People thought that the manuscript had been lost for decades.

It was thought that the manuscript had been lost for decades.
The manuscript was thought to have been lost for decades.

16. They know that she has considerable experience in international law.

It is known that she has considerable experience in international law.
She is known to have considerable experience in international law.

D. Rewrite using the causative form

17. A technician is installing our new security system this afternoon.

We are having our new security system installed this afternoon.

18. Someone repaired her laptop yesterday.

She had her laptop repaired yesterday.

19. They will redecorate our office next month.

We will have our office redecorated next month.

20. A plumber has fixed their central heating system.

They have had their central heating system fixed.

REVISION: MODAL AND MODAL PERFECT VERBS

Modal Verbs and Modal Perfect Practice

Instructions: Complete each sentence with the correct modal form.

Then press the button to check the answer.

1. She ________ (forget) to set her alarm, because she never misses work.

can’t have forgotten

2. You ________ (call) your grandmother more often; she loves hearing from you.

should call

3. They ________ (take) the earlier train, but they decided to wait for us.

could have taken

4. He ________ (be) at home now — I saw his car outside.

must be

5. We ________ (invite) more people if we’d known the party would be so quiet.

would have invited

6. That ________ (be) the manager — she’s away on business this week.

can’t be

7. I ________ (go) to the concert tonight, but I’m not sure yet.

might go

8. You ________ (tell) me you were running late; I was worried.

should have told

9. She ________ (misunderstand) what I meant, because her reply made no sense.

might have misunderstood

10. They ________ (finish) by now if they’d started earlier.

would have finished

REVISION: RELATIVE SENTENCES

Relative Clauses Practice

Instructions: Join the two sentences using a suitable relative pronoun.

Use defining and non-defining relative clauses where appropriate.

In the sentences marked (formal / informal), write two possible answers.

1. I met a woman. She speaks four languages.

I met a woman who/that speaks four languages.

2. The book is on the table. It belongs to my sister.

The book which/that is on the table belongs to my sister.

3. My brother lives in London. He is a doctor.

My brother, who is a doctor, lives in London.

4. That is the café. We had breakfast there.

That is the café where we had breakfast.

5. The man was very kind. He helped me with my suitcase.

The man who/that helped me with my suitcase was very kind.

6. I bought a laptop. It was very expensive.

I bought a laptop which/that was very expensive.

7. Sarah is my best friend. Her mother is a lawyer.

Sarah, whose mother is a lawyer, is my best friend.

8. The hotel was beautiful. We stayed there last summer.

The hotel where we stayed last summer was beautiful.

9. I spoke to a student. His project won first prize.

I spoke to a student whose project won first prize.

10. The car broke down again. I bought it only two months ago.

The car (which/that) I bought only two months ago broke down again.

11. The candidate was impressive. We interviewed her yesterday.

The candidate (who/that) we interviewed yesterday was impressive.

12. My report was rejected. It was full of factual errors.

My report, which was full of factual errors, was rejected.

13. The professor is retiring this year. I studied under him. (formal / informal)

Formal: The professor under whom I studied is retiring this year.
Informal: The professor (who/that) I studied under is retiring this year.

14. This conference was extremely well organised. It took place in Berlin.

This conference, which took place in Berlin, was extremely well organised.

15. The manager was very supportive. I worked closely with her. (formal / informal)

Formal: The manager with whom I worked closely was very supportive.
Informal: The manager (who/that) I worked closely with was very supportive.

16. That’s the colleague. I was telling you about him. (formal / informal)

Formal: That’s the colleague about whom I was telling you.
Informal: That’s the colleague (who/that) I was telling you about.

17. The company has introduced a new policy. Many employees objected to it. (formal / informal)

Formal: The company has introduced a new policy to which many employees objected.
Informal: The company has introduced a new policy (which/that) many employees objected to.

18. The neighbourhood has changed a lot. I grew up in it. (formal / informal)

Formal: The neighbourhood in which I grew up has changed a lot.
Informal: The neighbourhood (which/that) I grew up in has changed a lot.

19. The proposal was turned down. We had argued strongly for it. (formal / informal)

Formal: The proposal for which we had argued strongly was turned down.
Informal: The proposal (which/that) we had argued strongly for was turned down.

20. Emma is the colleague. I often rely on her for advice. (formal / informal)

Formal: Emma is the colleague on whom I often rely for advice.
Informal: Emma is the colleague (who/that) I often rely on for advice.

REVISION: CONDITIONAL SENTENCES AND I WISH / IF ONLY

Conditional Sentences Practice

Conditional sentences help us talk about facts, possibilities, imaginary situations, regrets, and consequences. Complete each sentence with the correct form of the verb in brackets, then check your answers below.

1. If it ________ (rain) tomorrow, we will stay at home.

2. If I ________ (have) more free time, I would learn Japanese.

3. If she ________ (study) harder last year, she would have passed the exam.

4. If you heat water to 100°C, it ________ (boil).

5. If they ________ (leave) earlier, they wouldn’t have missed the train.

6. If I were you, I ________ (not / tell) him the secret.

7. If he ________ (call) me tonight, I’ll let you know.

8. I wish I ________ (be) taller.

9. If only we ________ (book) the tickets earlier!

10. If she had listened to your advice, she ________ (not / make) that mistake.

11. If I ________ (know) about the meeting, I would have attended it.

12. Provided that everyone ________ (agree), we can move forward with the proposal.

13. If he ________ (not / interrupt) me so often, I might have explained the issue more clearly.

14. Unless the company ________ (reduce) costs soon, it will struggle to remain competitive.

15. Had they ________ (inform) us earlier, we could have taken appropriate action.

16. If she ________ (be) more diplomatic, she wouldn’t be having so many conflicts at work.

17. I wish you ________ (stop) complaining about everything.

18. If only I ________ (not / spend) so much money last month.

19. If the government ________ (invest) more in education, the country would benefit in the long term.

20. Had he been paying attention, he ________ (understand) why the results were so unexpected.

Answers 1–10

1. rains

2. had

3. had studied

4. boils

5. had left

6. wouldn’t tell

7. calls

8. were

9. had booked

10. wouldn’t have made

Answers 11–20

11. had known

12. agrees

13. didn’t interrupt

14. reduces

15. informed

16. were

17. would stop

18. hadn’t spent

19. invested

20. would have understood

REVISION: VERB TENSES

SOME TIPS TO DO THIS ACTIVITY: 

Read the whole sentence first before choosing the tense.
Don’t look only at the verb — the context gives the answer.

Underline the time expression before writing the verb.
Words like already, yet, while, by the time, tomorrow at this time, last week are the key.

Watch the difference between simple and continuous forms.
Ask yourself: Is the action finished, repeated, or in progress?

Use continuous tenses for actions in progress at a specific moment.
(At 8 p.m., while I was studying. This time tomorrow they will be doing …)

Use simple tenses for routines, facts, and completed actions.
Don’t use continuous forms if the action is habitual or finished.

Present Perfect is not Past Simple.
Have/has + past participle is different from past simple.
Check if the time is finished (yesterday, last year) or unfinished (today, this week, already, yet).

Past Simple and Past Continuous often work together.
One action was in progress, and another interrupted it.

Past Perfect = the earlier past.
If two actions happened in the past, use Past Perfect for the one that happened first: When the children arrived, he had already prepared lunch. 

Check the order of past events carefully.
Ask yourself: What happened first? What happened later?

Remember: after “if”, we do not normally use “will” or "would"
(If I see her, I will tell her. NOT *If I will see her… If I were you, I wouldn't study only the last day.) 

Modal verbs need the base form.
After can, could, will, would, must, use the infinitive without to.

Don’t forget negative forms.
Check carefully if the sentence needs don’t / doesn’t / didn’t / won’t / haven’t…

Questions need the correct word order.
Be careful with: auxiliary + subject + verb
(Did you go? / Has she finished?)

Some verbs are irregular in the past and past participle.
Study them carefully: go–went–gone, see–saw–seen, take–took–taken…

Be careful with past participles.
Present Perfect and Past Perfect need the 3rd form of the verb, not Past Simple.

“Since” and “for” are not the same. They usually go with present perfect, like "already", "just", "yet".
Since = starting point
For = period of time

• One word can change the tense completely. Don’t ignore markers like still, just, ever, never, when, while, by.
• “Ago” = Past Simple. Never use Present Perfect with ago.  
• “By” often signals a perfect tense. Especially with by the time, by tomorrow, by next week.  
• “While” usually introduces a continuous action.“When” often introduces a shorter action that interrupts another one.  
• Present Simple can talk about the future (timetables, schedules). The train leaves at 8.30. 
• Present Continuous can also express future arrangements. I’m meeting Laura tomorrow. 

State verbs are not usually used in continuous forms. Be careful with verbs like know, like, love, want, understand, believe.

Future forms depend on meaning. Don’t choose randomly:

• will → spontaneous decision / prediction
• going to → plan / intention / evidence
• Present Continuous → fixed arrangement
• Future Continuous → action in progress in the future  

Check subject–verb agreement carefully.
Singular subject = singular verb (He works, She has)

Leave 2 minutes at the end to check everything.
Most mistakes are small: missing auxiliaries, spelling, endings, and irregular forms. 

 

 

 

Complete the sentences with the correct verb tense. Then click on the buttons to check your answers.

1. By the time the teacher arrived, the students __________________ (already / complete) the first exercise and __________________ (start) the second one.
   
   had already completed / had started
2. Don’t call me at 8 p.m. tonight. I __________________ (have) dinner with my grandparents, so I __________________ (not / be) available.
   
   will be having / won’t be
3. Sarah __________________ (already / book) the tickets. By tomorrow afternoon, she __________________ (plan) the whole trip.
   
   has already booked / will have planned
4. The child usually __________________ (play) in the garden after school, but today he __________________ (do) his homework because he has a test tomorrow.
   
   plays / is doing
5. While I __________________ (walk) through the park yesterday, I __________________ (see) a man who __________________ (paint) a beautiful picture near the lake.
   
   was walking / saw / was painting
6. — I __________________ (never / try) sushi before.
   — Really? What __________________ (you / think) of it?
   — It was delicious, but I __________________ (not / eat) the seaweed yet.
   
   has never tried or had never tried / do you think or did you think / haven’t eaten
7. Be careful! You __________________ (drop) those glasses if you carry them all at once.
   
   are going to drop
8. When we __________________ (open) the shop this morning, we __________________ (notice) that someone __________________ (take) several items during the night, so we __________________ (contact) the manager immediately.
   
   opened / noticed / had taken / contacted
9. This time next month, we __________________ (sit) on a beach in Greece while everyone here __________________ (work).
   
   will be sitting / is working
10. Yesterday afternoon, I __________________ (talk) to an important customer when my phone suddenly __________________ (stop) working. If that __________________ (not / happen), I __________________ (arrange) the meeting right away.
    
    was talking / stopped / hadn’t happened / would have arranged

6. REPORTED SPEECH QUIZ

Reported Speech Quiz

Check your answers and mark yourself. Your score will be calculated automatically.

Reporting Verbs

apologise / insist / enquire / warn / agree / refuse / add / order / admit / recommend / remind / want to know / advise / threaten / request

 

Score: 0 / 15

1. He said: “I won’t help you today.”

He refused to help me that day.

2. She said: “Why did you come here yesterday?”

She wanted to know why I had gone there the day before.

3. He said: “These results are wrong.”

He added that those results were wrong.

4. She said: “I’m sorry. I made a mistake this morning.”

She apologised for having made a mistake that morning.

5. He said: “Don’t forget about our meeting tomorrow.”

He reminded me not to forget about our meeting the next day.

6. She said: “You should visit this museum next week.”

She recommended visiting that museum the following week.

7. He said: “Take your medicine now.”

He advised me to take my medicine then.

8. She said: “Don’t enter this place.”

She warned me not to enter that place.

9. He said: “I broke your phone yesterday.”

He admitted breaking my phone the day before.

10. She said: “Remind me about these documents later today.”

She requested to be reminded about those documents later that day.

11. He said: “Don’t use this equipment again.”

He warned me not to use that equipment again.

12. The manager said: “Finish your work by tomorrow.”

The manager ordered us to finish our work the next day.

13. She said: “Did you finish your homework last night?”

She enquired whether I had finished my homework the night before.

14. He said: “Let’s meet here next week.”

He suggested meeting there the following week.

15. She said: “Bring these files today.”

She insisted that I bring those files that day.